Preparing
a Works Cited Page: MLA Citation Style
This MLA style sheet was
prepared by Minnesota West Library staff. The examples are based on Joseph
Gibaldi’s book, MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 6th
edition, which is found in the reference section of all five Minnesota West
Libraries.
CITING
SOURCES IN THE TEXT
Internal notes usually
appear after the sentence being documented and before the end punctuation (e.g.,
period, questions, or exclamation mark) of that sentence. Use enough
information in the internal notes for a clear reference to an entry in the
Works Cited list.
For example:
Medieval Europe was a place
both of “raids, pillages, slavery, and extortion” and of “traveling merchants,
monetary exchange, towns if not cities, and active markets in grain” (Townsend
10).
One Author: (Napier 23).
Two Authors: (Napier and Kinne 56).
More Than Three Authors: (Napier et
al. 42).
No Author Given; use Main
Entry in Works Cited List:
(“Watercolor” 236).
WORKS
CITED LIST
The Works Cited page is
found at the end of the paper. It should
begin on a new page, continuing the page numbers of the text. Each entry begins
flush with the left margin, but if it carries over to a second line, that line
is indented ½ inch (a hanging indention).
The entire list should be double-spaced and in alphabetical order
according to the first word (usually author’s last name) in each entry.
BOOKS
One Author:
Didion, Joan. Political
Fiction. New York: Knopf, 2001.
Two or Three Authors:
Grandin, Temple, and Catherine Johnson. Animals in Translation: Using the
Mysteries of Autism to Decode Animal Behavior. New York: Scribner, 2005.
More Than Three Authors: (option to use et al. or can list all authors as found
on title page)
Hanson,
Glen R., et al. Drugs and Society.
Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2004.
Corporate Author:
American Medical Association. American Medical
Association Family Medical Guide. 4th
ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2004.
Editor & Editions of a Work:
Cledhill, Kristen M., ed. Fitness and Exercise
Sourcebook. 2nd ed.
Detroit: Omnigraphics, 2001.
PRINT REFERENCE BOOKS
Encyclopedia entry, no author.
“Mandarin.” The Encyclopedia Americana. 2001
ed.
Encyclopedia entry, with author:
Economides, Michael J. “Petroleum.” World Book
Encyclopedia. 2004 ed.
Dictionary Entry
“Dobro.” The New Oxford American Dictionary. 2001.
Less familiar reference books; give full publication
information:
Tirone, Steven J.
“Order of Battle: Army of the Republic of Vietnam.” Encyclopedia of
the Vietnam War. Ed. Stanley I.
Kutler. New York: Scribner’s, 1996.
PRINT ARTICLES
Journal article with author and volume number (journal
has continuous pagination):
Gaint, Ruth.
“The Role of Value Priorities in Parental and Maternal Involvement in
Child Care.” Journal of Marriage and Family 67 (2005): 643-655.
Journal article with author, volume number, and issue
number:
Simon, Nancy A. “Management of Employee Records:
Orderly Files Bring Order to the Office.” CMAtoday 38.5 (2005): 7-8.
Magazine article with author and no volume number:
Mandel, Michael. “The Real Reasons You’re Working So
Hard…and What You Can Do About It.” BusinessWeek 3 Oct. 2005: 60-67.
Magazine article with no author and no volume number:
“Product Recalls.” Parents Nov. 2005: 100.
Newspaper Article
Harris, Gardiner. “Drugs, Politics and the F.D.A.” New
York Times 28 Aug. 2005, natl. ed.: 1.1.
Cartoons & Comic Strips
Chast, Roz. Cartoon. New Yorker 11 Apr. 2001:
58.
Trudeau, Garry. “Doonesbury.” Comic strip. St.
Paul Pioneer Press 3 Jan. 1996: 12.
ONLINE SOURCES
**A citation for an online text contains the publication
date of the document as well as the date the researcher accessed the document.**
Information from a Web site
Salem Witch Trials 1692. 3 Oct. 2005. Salem Office of Tourism and Cultural
Affairs. 10 Oct 2005 <http://www.salemweb.com/memorial/default.htm>.
HistoryChannel.com. 10 Oct. 2005. History Channel. 10 Oct. 2005 <http://www.historychannel.com/>.
Personal Web Site
Hansen, Randall. Dr. Randall Hanson’s Wide World
of Web. 10 Oct. 2005 <http://www.stetson.edu/~rhansen/>.
Article from an Online Magazine Web Site
Springen, Karen. “Cabbie: A Sartorial Sea Change.” Newsweek
10 Oct. 2005. 15 Oct. 2005 <http:/www.msnbc.msn.com/>.
Article from an Online Periodical Database (available
through Library)
Purssell, Edward. “Evolutionary Nursing: The Case of
Infectious Diseases.” Journal of Advanced Nursing 49 (2005): 164-172. OVID/CINAHL.
Minnesota West Lib. 15 Oct. 2005 <http://gateway.ovid.com.>.
Smith, Nick. “A New Era in Antarctica.” Geographical
Sept. 2005: 4. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Minnesota West Lib. 15
Oct. 2005 <http://www.epnet.com/>.
Wilson, Jennifer. “Developing Firm Leaders: Mapping
Career Success.” Accounting Today 26 Sept. 2005: 24-25. Career and
Technical Education. ProQuest. Minnesota West Lib. 9 Oct. 2005
<http://proquest.umi.com/>.
Youngquist, Walter. “Alternatives to Oil Must Be
Developed.” What Energy Sources Should Be Pursued? Ed. Stuart A. Kallen. Greenhaven, 2005. Opposing
Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. Minnesota West Lib. 17 October
2005
<http://galenet.galegroup.com/>.
Entry from an Online
Reference Database (available through Library)
Albright, Louis D. “Greenhouse Technology.” AccessScience.
McGraw Hill. Minnesota West Lib. 9 Oct. 2005 <http://accessscience.com/>.
“Human Genome Project.” Encyclopedia Britannica
Online. Encyclopedia Britannica. 10 Oct. 2005 Minnesota West Lib. <http://www.search.eb.com>.
OTHER
SOURCES
Television or Radio Program
“Frederick Douglass.” Civil War Journal. Narr.
Danny Glover. Dir. Craig Haffner. Arts and Entertainment Network. 6 Apr. 1999.
Videocassette, videodisc, film, slide program, or
filmstrip
It’s a Wonderful Life. Dir. Frank Capra. Perf. James Stewart, Donna Reed,
Lionel Barrymore and Thomas Mitchell. RKO, 1946.
Interview You Conducted
Johnstone, James R. Personal interview. 9 Sept. 2005.
Kerkoven, Paulette. Telephone interview. 29 Aug.
2005.
A Work of Art or a Performance
Bernini, Gianlorenzo. Ecstacy of St. Teresa. Santa
Maria della Vittoria, Rome.
A Christmas Carol. By Charles Dickens. Dir. Gary Gisselman. Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis.
19 Nov. 2005.
E-Mail Communication
Danford, Tom. “Monday Afternoon Greetings.” E-Mail to
Terry Craig. 1 Oct. 2005.
Letter or Email you have received
Hanson, Warren. E-mail to the author. 12 Oct. 2005.
Morrison, Toni. Letter to the author. 15 Jan. 2005.
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